1324
Year 1324 (MCCCXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1324 by topic |
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| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1324 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1324 MCCCXXIV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2077 |
| Armenian calendar | 773 ԹՎ ՉՀԳ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6074 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1245–1246 |
| Bengali calendar | 731 |
| Berber calendar | 2274 |
| English Regnal year | 17 Edw. 2 – 18 Edw. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1868 |
| Burmese calendar | 686 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6832–6833 |
| Chinese calendar | 癸亥年 (Water Pig) 4020 or 3960 — to — 甲子年 (Wood Rat) 4021 or 3961 |
| Coptic calendar | 1040–1041 |
| Discordian calendar | 2490 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1316–1317 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5084–5085 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1380–1381 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1245–1246 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4424–4425 |
| Holocene calendar | 11324 |
| Igbo calendar | 324–325 |
| Iranian calendar | 702–703 |
| Islamic calendar | 723–725 |
| Japanese calendar | Genkō 4 / Shōchū 1 (正中元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1235–1236 |
| Julian calendar | 1324 MCCCXXIV |
| Korean calendar | 3657 |
| Minguo calendar | 588 before ROC 民前588年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −144 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1866–1867 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴水猪年 (female Water-Pig) 1450 or 1069 or 297 — to — 阳木鼠年 (male Wood-Rat) 1451 or 1070 or 298 |
Musa I, emperor of the Mali Empire
Events
Europe
- February 7 – Siege of Villa di Chiesa: Aragonese forces led by Prince Alfonso IV (the Kind) capture the city of Villa di Chiesa due to attrition. The Pisan garrison surrenders after an 8-month siege. It represents the first act of the Aragonese conquest of Sardinia, for the creation of the Kingdom of Sardinia.[1]
- February 29 – Battle of Lucocisterna: Aragonese forces led by Alfonso IV (the Kind) defeat a Pisan army, which is disembarked near the area of Capoterra. During the battle, Alfonso loses some 150 knights. On the same day, a Pisan fleet (some 30 galleys) is defeated in the Gulf of Cagliari at Sardinia.[2]
- September – War of Four Lords: King John of Bohemia (the Blind), his uncle Baldwin of Luxembourg, Count Edward I and Duke Frederick IV (the Fighter), form a coalition and devastate the region around Metz. The city is besieged, using cannons, perhaps for the first time in Western Europe.[3]
Asia Minor
- Sultan Osman I (or Othman) dies after a 25-year reign at Bursa. He is the founder of the Ottoman Empire (first known as a Turkmen principality in the northwest of Anatolia). He is succeeded by his 43-year-old son Orhan I as the second ruler (bey), who places his residence at Söğüt in Bilecik Province (approximate date).[4]
Africa
- Emperor Musa I arrives in Cairo on his hajj to Mecca – accompanied by an entourage numbering in the thousands and with hundreds of pounds of gold. This display of wealth garners the Mali Empire a place on European maps in 1395. On his return journey, he peacefully annexes Timbuktu. He told the Arabic historian Al-Umari that "his predecessors had launched two expeditions from West Africa to discover the limits of the Atlantic Ocean."
Literature
- Marsilius of Padua writes Defensor pacis (the Defender of Peace), a theological treatise arguing against the power of the clergy and in favor of a secular state.[5]
Religion
- March 23 – Pope John XXII excommunicates King Louis IV (the Bavarian), as Louis had not sought papal approval during his conflict against his rival Frederick the Fair. He in turn, declares the pope a heretic, because of John's opposition to the view of Christ's absolute poverty held by some Franciscans.[6]
- William of Ockham, English Franciscan friar and philosopher, is summoned by John XXII to the papal court at Avignon and imprisoned.[7]
Births
- March 5 – David II, king of Scotland (Clan Bruce) (d. 1371)[8]
- August 4 – Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini, Egyptian scholar (d. 1403)[9]
- date unknown
- Bayan Khutugh, Mongol concubine and empress (d. 1365)
- Catherine of Savoy, Italian noblewoman and ruler (d. 1388)
- Constance of Sicily, Sicilian princess and regent (d. 1355)
- Giovanni Manfredi, Italian nobleman and knight (d. 1373)
- Louis of Durazzo, Italian nobleman and diplomat (d. 1362)
- Tsunenaga, Japanese prince and heir-apparent (d. 1338)
- Vettor Pisani, Venetian nobleman and admiral (d. 1380)[10]
- William I (the Rich), French nobleman and ruler (d. 1391)
Deaths
- January 8 – Marco Polo, Italian merchant and explorer (b. 1254)
- January 23 – Fulk le Strange, English nobleman and seneschal
- February 11 – Karl von Trier, German knight and Grand Master
- February 26 – Dino Compagni, Italian politician and historian
- March 26 – Marie of Luxembourg, queen of France (b. 1304)
- May 15 – Władysław of Oświęcim, Polish nobleman and ruler
- June 23 – Aymer de Valence, English nobleman and knight[11]
- July 16 – Go-Uda (or Yohito), emperor of Japan (b. 1267)[12]
- August 31 – Henry II of Cyprus, king of Jerusalem (b. 1270)[13]
- November 1 – John de Halton (or Halghton), English bishop
- November 3 – Petronilla de Meath, Irish maidservant (b. 1300)
- November 11 – Henry VII (or VI), German nobleman and ruler
- November 25 – John Botetourt, English governor and admiral
- December 24 – John III, Dutch nobleman and knight (b. 1275)
- date unknown
- Domarat Grzymała, Polish bishop (House of Grzymała)
- Guecellone VII, Italian nobleman (House of Da Camino)
- Hedwig of Holstein, queen consort of Sweden (b. 1260)
- Irene of Brunswick, Byzantine empress consort (b. 1293)
- Isabella of Ibelin, queen of Cyprus and Jerusalem (b. 1241)
- Jacopo I (the Great), Italian nobleman and military leader[14]
- John II, German nobleman and knight (House of Sponheim)
- Konoe Iehira, Japanese nobleman (Fujiwara Clan) (b. 1282)
- Lampert Hermán, Hungarian nobleman and judge royal[15]
- Nijō Tamefuji, Japanese courtier, poet and writer (b. 1275)
- Osman I (or Othman), Ottoman ruler (House of Osman)[16]
- Ou Shizi, Chinese Confucian scholar and writer (b. 1234)
- Robert Scales, English nobleman, peerage and politician
- Sancho I (the Peaceful), king of Majorca (b. 1274)[17][18]
- Thawun Nge, Burmese nobleman and governor (b. 1260)
- William Liath de Burgh, Irish nobleman and politician[19]
References
- O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (1975). A History of Medieval Spain, p. 408. Cornell University Press.
- Casula, Francesco Cesare (1994). La storia di Sardegna: L'evo moderno e contemporaneo (in Italian), p. 343. Delfino. ISBN 88-7138-063-0.
- Kelly de Vries and Robert Douglas Smith (2012). Medieval Military Technology, p. 138, (2nd edit). University of Toronto Press.
- Rogers, Clifford (2010). The Oxford Encyclopaedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology, p. 261. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195334036.
- Hywel Williams (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 158. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- Hywel Williams (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 158. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- Olson, Roger E. (1999). The Story of Christian Theology, p. 350. ISBN 0-8308-1505-8.
- "David II | king of Scotland". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved April 24, 2019.
- David J. Wasserstein (2013). Mamluks and Ottomans Studies in Honour of Michael Winter, p. 107. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781136579240.
- Crowley, Roger (2011). City of Fortune - How Venice Won and lost a Naval Empire. London; Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-24594-9.
- Philips, J. R. S. (1972). Aymer de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, 1307–1324: baronial politics in the reign of Edward II, pp. 311–312. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-822359-5.
- Ponsonby-Fane, Richard (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 422.
- Nicolle, David (2005). Osprey: Acre 1291: Bloody Sunset of the Crusader States, p. 20. ISBN 1841768626.
- John Kenneth Hyde (1973). Society and Politics in Medieval Italy: The Evolution of the Civil Life, 1000–1350, p. 193. (St. Martin's Press).
- Engel, Pál (1996). Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1301–1457, p. 122. [Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1301–1457, Volume I] (in Hungarian). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. ISBN 963-8312-44-0.
- Murphey, Rhoads (2008). Exploring Ottoman Sovereignty: Tradition, Image and Practice in the Ottoman Imperial Household, 1400–1800, p. 24. London: Continuum. ISBN 978-1-84725-220-3.
- Daileader, Philip (2000). True Citizens: Violence, Memory, and Identity in the Medieval Community of Perpignan, 1162–1397, p. 105. BRILL. ISBN 9004115714.
- Sarfaty, David E. (2010). Columbus Re-Discovered, p. 86. Dorrance Publishing. ISBN 978-1434997500.
- Makay, Ronan (2010). "Burgh, William Liath de". Dictionary of Irish Biography from the Earliest Times to the Year 2002, pp. 18–19. Cambridge University Press.
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